Gyratory rock-crusher.



A. WASHBURNE.

I GYBATORY ROCK GRUSHER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1912.

l Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

WITNESSES ATTORNEY.

To all whom it may concern:

AJAY WASHBURNE, OF FRUITVALE, CALIFORNIA.

GYRATORY ROCK-CRUSHER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patentd Feb, 17, 1914.

Application filed June 24, 1912. Serial- No. 705,435.

Be it known that I, AJAY WASHBURNE,

' a citizen of the -United States, residing at Fruitvale, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gyratory Rock Crushers, of-which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in gyratory rock crushers, of which the Gates rock crusher is a well known example.

In these crushers, there is provided a central vertical shaft, to which is given a gyratory movement, and on which is keyed a conical head, upon which is fitted a conical mantle or shell of manganese or other ex- ,tremely hard metal. By the gvratory motion of the shaft, this mantle or shell is given a gyratory motion within what are known as concaves, being sections of an inverted conical annulus, fitted within a similarly-shaped shell, said concaves being also of manganese or other hard metal. By reason of the conical form of the mantle and the inverted conical form of the shell and the concaves therewithin; there is a com paratively wide annular space between the upper portions of the mantle and the concaves, into which space the rock to be broken or crushed is. fed byany suitable means, which rock, by said gyratory motion, is crushed between the downwardly converging mantle and concaves, and is finally broken into small pieces and discharged through the annular opening between the bottoms of the mantle and concaves.

By far the larger part of the wear due to the crushing of the rock takes place at the lowest portion of said mantle and concaves, and by reason of this wear, long continued, these parts are so worn away, that the minimum annular space between the mantle and concaves becomes eventually too wide to eifect the desired crushing action, so that the machine becomes inefficient. is then the practice to set the concaves closer in to the mantle, which is done by first placing them in the contracted position, and then pouring molten zinc between the concaves and the shell to form a backing for the concaves. Since these concaves are madeof expensive metal, in order to a. oid the necessity of discarding the whole of the concaves, when only the lower portions are worn to any great extent,'it has been proposed to make the concaves of upper and lower sections, so that only the lower sections need be-thus discarded and replaced by new sections. However, whether the concaves are or are not made in sections, since, in the former case, of course, the up per concave must be removed, as well as the lower, the cost in labor, time and material .is very great. The two keys which are used for the upper and lower rings of sections adhere very firmly in position, so that it is the purpose of loosening the lower key in order to drive the concaves out; the time and labor employed in the whole operation and especially in the task of setting the concaves inwardly in the desired positions is very considerable; and the cost of the zinc employed to back the concaves in their contracted position is also great, amounting in a large sized rock breaker to. about $100.

It is the object of my present invention to provide an improvement in rock crushers which. will avoid this expense. To accomplish thiobject, instead of removing the concaves and replacing, them by new generally necessary to employ dynamite for ones, I provide a mantle so constructed that, f

by removal thereof after wear, and replacement thereof by specially devised mantles or sections of mantles, I can obtain the same result as heretofore obtained by the removal and replacement or re-adjustment of the concaves.

In the accompanying drawing,- Figure 1 is-a vertical section of a portion of a gymtory mill constructed with my invention; Figs. '2 and? are transverse sections on the lines 22 and 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a vertical section of an upper mantle section mantle section detached; Fig. 6 is a similar view of a modified form of said lower mantle section; Figs. 7, and 8, are views similar to Figs. 4 and 5, respectively of a modification of the invention.

Referring to the drawing, 1 indicates the usual central shaft upon which is secured the conical head 2. Instead of forming this head 2, as heretofore, with a smooth conical surface, I form it with a conical surface 3 detached; Fig. 5 is a similar view of a lower at l 1 the mantle, and therefore by making them in two sections it is only necessary to replace the lower mantle section, and not the upper, by a fresh section when too much Worn, so that a saving is thereby effected in the expensive metal out of which the upper sectionis formed. The upper section is of much greater height or length than the lower section, and the surface of the lower section forms a continuous cone with the surface of the upper section. Each section is in the form of the invention shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, formed on its inner conical surface with lugs 8 which fit within the key seats 4 and prevent the sections turning on the head 2. On the shaft l'above the upper section of the mantle are screwed, one above another, two nuts or rings 9 which firmly hold said upper mantle section down upon the lower mantle section, and therefore also the lower mantle section down upon the head.

Since the lower parts of the concaves also wear, as well as the lower part of the mantle, it would not be sufiicient, after considerable use and Wear of the rock breaker, to remove the lower mantle section and replace it by one of the same thickness, for there would still be a greater space than was proper between said lower mantle section and the concaves, due to the Wear which concaves have undergone. I therefore replace it by a section 10 of greater thickness, to compensate for the wear on the concaves, so that the space through which the crushed rock can fall is the same as in the machine when first used. When it is necessary again to remove the lower mantle section due to the further wear thereon and on the concaves,

sections I then replace it with another lower mantle section, of still greater thickness, in order to compensate for the increased wear upon the concaves.

In the second form of the invention shown in Figs. 6, 7 8, instead of making the lugs integral with the mantle section, said mantle sections are formed with vertically elongated apertures 11 therethrough. Against the inner surface of said mantle sections are placed keys 12 which fit in the key seats 4 formed in the head 2, and which have lugs 13 passing through said apertures. When said mantle sections are in place upon the head, said lugs thus hold said keys firmly to the mantle sections and thereby also hold the mantle sections firmly to the head and prevent rotation of the mantle.

I claim In a gyratory rock crusher provided with concaves forming an inverted conical annulus and with a central shaft, a conical head removablysecured around said shaft,

a mantle on said head comprising removable upper and lower conical mantle sections, said having therethrough vertically elongated apertures, keys having lugs extending through said apertures and the head having keyways engaged by the keys to prevent rotation of thd mantle sections upon the head.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AJAY WASHBURNE. Witnesses I F. M. WRIGHT, D. B. R1cHARns. 

